How to Prevent and Eliminate Die Hole Blockage in automatic fish food making equipment？ - Knowledge

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First, identify the typical characteristics of blockages caused by operational errors in small fish food making machines to quickly pinpoint the root cause. These blockages often occur at the initial startup, after parameter adjustments, or before shutdown, manifesting as a sudden drop in output and a surge in pressure. The blockage material is often insufficiently cooked raw material (due to lack of preheating) or over-cooked, burnt material (due to a sudden increase in parameters). Common operational errors leading to blockages include: 1) Feeding directly without preheating, resulting in cold, hard raw material and a die temperature below 100°C; 2) Feeding too quickly, causing raw material to accumulate in the extrusion chamber, resulting in a large amount of loose, bulky blockage material; 3) Sudden increases in temperature or pressure, causing instantaneous over-gelatinization of the raw material, resulting in tightly bound blockage material accompanied by a burnt smell; 4) Failure to empty the raw material before shutdown, leading to clumps and mold growth, causing blockages upon the next startup. For example, if raw material is poured directly into the extruder without preheating, and discharge stops within 10 minutes with a die temperature of only 85°C, it can be determined that the blockage is caused by cold feeding.

For blockages in automatic fish food making equipment caused by different operational errors, corresponding solutions and corrective measures should be taken. If the blockage is caused by insufficient preheating, the machine should be stopped immediately, the feeding system should be shut down, the heating system should be turned on to preheat the die head and puffing cavity to the preset temperature (120-140℃), the machine should be run empty for 5 minutes, and then the cold and hardened raw material remaining in the die head should be slowly cleaned, and a small amount of material should be fed again. If the blockage is caused by feeding too fast, the feeding speed should be reduced to zero first, the screw should be kept running for 5 minutes, and the screw thrust should be used to expel some of the accumulated raw material, and then the feeding speed should be gradually restored (increased by no more than 10% each time). If the blockage is caused by a sudden increase in the parameters of the Floating Fish Feed Extruder Machine, the temperature and pressure should be immediately reduced to 80% of the normal range, maintained for 15 minutes to soften the sticky raw material, and then the die head should be cleaned. If the blockage is caused by residual raw material after shutdown, the die head and puffing cavity should be completely disassembled, all residual clumps of raw material should be cleaned, and the equipment should be thoroughly cleaned before restarting for moldy raw material. For example, if a blockage occurs due to excessively rapid feeding, first stop feeding, allow the screw to idle and discharge some raw material, then reduce the feeding speed from 50 kg/h to 20 kg/h, feed slowly, and observe the pressure until it stabilizes before gradually increasing it again.

Establish standardized operating procedures to fundamentally avoid blockages caused by human factors. The core procedures include: pre-start inspection (tightening of equipment components, normal instrumentation) → preheating (die temperature rises to 120-140℃, pressure stabilizes at 1-2 MPa) → slow feeding (initial feeding speed is 30% of the rated value, gradually increasing to normal) → real-time monitoring (observing output, pressure, temperature, and particle quality) → parameter adjustment (gradual fine-tuning is required, temperature ±5℃ each time, pressure ±0.2 MPa each time) → shutdown procedure (first stop feeding → run the machine idle until the raw material is discharged → shut down the heating system → clean the equipment after cooling). For extruders, an additional "conditioning and preheating" step is added to ensure that the raw material reaches 80-90℃ before entering the extrusion chamber, improving its fluidity. At the same time, operator training is strengthened to familiarize them with equipment parameter matching rules, avoiding blind adjustments, and minimizing the blockage rate caused by human factors through standardized operation.

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